| Entities | PPARA ---- APOA1 |
|---|---|
| References | 19 |
| Connectivity | 2 |
| Effect | unknown |
| Owner | Public |
| URN | urn:agi-PromoterBinding:inout-urn:agi-llid:5465:inout-urn:agi-llid:335::unknown |
| CellType | macrophage |
|---|---|
| Journal | Diabetes |
| Journal Reference | v50 i8 p1851 (2001) |
| Journal Link | http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/content/full/50/8/1851 |
| MedLine Reference | 11473048:1155 |
| Sentence | Similarly, human apo A-I gene promoter may interact with PPAR- nuclear protein for its transcriptional regulation by fibrates ( 47 ). |
| Organism | Mus musculus |
| Organ | liver |
|---|---|
| Journal | J. Biol. Chem |
| Journal Reference | v278 i40 p38188 (2003) |
| Journal Link | http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/278/40/38188 |
| MedLine Reference | 12882972:1165 |
| Sentence | Fibrates are widely used hypolipidemic drugs, and they activate PPARalpha that binds to the PPRE element on the human apoA-I promoter and positively regulate the expression of apoA-I. |
| Organism | Mus musculus |
| Journal | ATVB |
|---|---|
| Journal Reference | v21 i3 p372 (2001) |
| Journal Link | http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/21/3/372 |
| MedLine Reference | 11231916:1115 |
| Sentence | For example, apoE-knockout mice that overexpress apo A-I, which results in increased HDL levels, are resistant to atherosclerosis. 26 Because the apo A-I gene contains a peroxisome proliferatorA?A?A?responsive element, it is possible that the apo A-I gene is positively regulated by PPAR- in addition to PPAR- agonists. 27 Furthermore, activation of PPAR- upregulates LPL gene expression. 28 29 The increased LPL may stimulate lipolysis of TG-rich lipoproteins, thereby contributing to the elevation of plasma HDL cholesterol levels in apoE-knockout mice, as is the case with LPL-transgenic mice. 23 In addition to favorable changes in plasma lipoprotein metabolism, attenuation of hyperinsulinemic hyperglycemia, a hallmark of the insulin resistance syndrome, may underlie the antiatherogenic effects of troglitazone. |
| Organism | Mus musculus |
| Organ | immunologic |
|---|---|
| Journal | Cell |
| Journal Reference | v104 i4 p503 (2001) |
| Journal Link | http://www.cell.com/cgi/content/full/104/4/503 |
| MedLine Reference | 3092358090 |
| Sentence | Intriguingly, PPARalpha stimulates expression of apoA-I and raises HDL levels in humans but not rodents due to differences in cis active regulatory elements in the apoA-I promoter (Staels and Auwerx, 1998 ). |
| Journal | Circulation Res |
|---|---|
| Journal Reference | v94 i7 p993 (2004) |
| Journal Link | http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/94/7/993 |
| MedLine Reference | 15001527:1124 |
| Sentence | PPARA gene expression has been shown to affect the expression of APOA1 , APOC3 , and APOA5 . 44,45 Indeed, variation near the PPARA locus has been shown to have a modifying effect on plasma concentrations of apoC-III in FCH subjects, raising the possibility of an additional effect on plasma apoAV, which could subsequently influence triglyceride levels. 46 Lastly, we were also able to place APOA5 within the context of a previously defined FCH susceptibility haplotype at this locus. |
| Tissue | cardiovascular |
|---|---|
| Journal | Diabetes |
| Journal Reference | v51 i4 p1083 (2002) |
| Journal Link | http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/content/full/51/4/1083 |
| MedLine Reference | 11916929:1048 |
| Sentence | In humans, the apoA-I gene promoter is under positive control by PPAR- , whereas in rodents, it is negatively regulated by PPAR- . |
| Organism | Mus musculus |
| Organ | liver |
|---|---|
| Journal | J. Biol. Chem |
| Journal Reference | v276 i7 p4634 (2001) |
| Journal Link | http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/276/7/4634 |
| MedLine Reference | 11050100:1019 |
| Sentence | In contrast, plasma apoA-I and liver apoA-I mRNA levels were decreased in wild-type but not in PPARalpha-deficient mice after fish oil feeding indicating that PPARalpha contributes to the effect of fish oil on apoA-I gene expression. |
| Organism | Mus musculus |
| Organ | heart |
|---|---|
| Journal | J. Biol. Chem |
| Journal Reference | v277 i50 p48051 (2002) |
| Journal Link | http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/277/50/48051 |
| MedLine Reference | 12377786:1033 |
| Sentence | As in humans, fibrate-activated PPARalpha induces the expression of human apoA-I in transgenic mice overexpressing the human apoA-I (hapoA-I ) gene (hapoA-I Tg), thereby increasing HDL production ( 14 ). |
| Organism | Mus musculus |
| CellType | adipocyte |
|---|---|
| Journal | J. Biol. Chem |
| Journal Reference | v278 i14 p11945 (2003) |
| Journal Link | http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/278/14/11945 |
| MedLine Reference | 12551936:1322 |
| Sentence | For example, the PPARalpha agonist fenofibrate increases apoA-I expression by 1.5-2.0-fold; yet this translates into a clinically important high density lipoprotein raising effect ( 65 ). |
| Organ | liver |
|---|---|
| Journal | J. Biol. Chem |
| Journal Reference | v272 i43 p27307 (1997) |
| Journal Link | http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/272/43/27307 |
| MedLine Reference | 9341179:1147 |
| Sentence | This indicates that PPARalpha is one of the key players in determining liver apoA-I expression. |
| Organism | Mus musculus |
| MedLine Reference | 7983038:9 |
|---|---|
| Organism | Rattus norvegicus |
| CellType | hepatocyte |
|---|---|
| Journal | ATVB |
| Journal Reference | v16 i8 p1052 (1996) |
| Journal Link | http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/16/8/1052 |
| MedLine Reference | 8696946:1288 |
| Journal | Heart Circul |
|---|---|
| Journal Reference | v285 i1 pH1 (2003) |
| Journal Link | http://ajpheart.physiology.org/cgi/content/full/285/1/H1 |
| MedLine Reference | 12623780:1392 |
| Organism | Mus musculus |
| Journal | Lipid Res |
|---|---|
| Journal Reference | v41 i3 p514 (2000) |
| Journal Link | http://www.jlr.org/cgi/content/full/41/3/514 |
| MedLine Reference | 10744771:1419 |
| Organism | Rattus norvegicus |
| Journal | Lipid Res |
|---|---|
| Journal Reference | v43 i12 p2172 (2002) |
| Journal Link | http://www.jlr.org/cgi/content/full/43/12/2172 |
| MedLine Reference | 12454280:1569 |
| Organism | Rattus norvegicus |
| Tissue | thyroid |
|---|---|
| Journal | Lipid Res |
| Journal Reference | v42 i5 p716 (2001) |
| Journal Link | http://www.jlr.org/cgi/content/full/42/5/716 |
| MedLine Reference | 11352978:1280 |
| Organ | liver |
|---|---|
| MedLine Reference | 9694537:2 |
| Organism | Mus musculus |
| CellType | cardiomyocyte |
|---|---|
| CellLineName | FA |
| Tissue | islet |
| Organ | pancreas |
| Journal | Mol. Endocrin |
| Journal Reference | v16 i5 p1013 (2002) |
| Journal Link | http://mend.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/16/5/1013 |
| MedLine Reference | 11981036:1038 |
| Organ | liver |
|---|---|
| Journal | J. Biol. Chem |
| Journal Reference | v275 i22 p16638 (2000) |
| Journal Link | http://www.jbc.org/cgi/content/full/275/22/16638 |
| MedLine Reference | 10748086:1128 |